754 Items
Theodosiopolis/Erzurum Citadel 
Due to the city's strategic importance and violent past the citadel of Erzurum has been rebuilt and repaired many times. However the citadel these days is little more than a shell with practically no interior buildings remaining.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Anastasius, Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Late Antique, Medieval, Ottoman, Roman, Theodosius II, Turkey
Rhizon/Rize City Wall
Remains of the western city walls that ran down to the sea from the citadel/kale. Much like the citadel, some sections have been very heavily restored. Other sections seem to have been completely abandoned to the elements.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Greek, Late Antique, Medieval, Roman, Turkey
Rhizon Citadel/Rize Kalesi
Remains of the heavily restored citadel of Rhizon/Rize. It has been turned into a park of sorts with a café/restaurant.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Greek, Late Antique, Medieval, Roman, Turkey
Buzluca Kale
Buzluca Kale is a large fortified enclosure atop a plateau west of the the town of Arakli. The interior of the enclosure is entirely given over to groves of hazel trees for nut production. Apart from this the fort seems to be mostly ignored and has received limited attention from archaeologists.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Late Antique, Roman, Turkey
Kalecik
The small fort of Kalecik sits atop a rocky outcrop next to the Black Sea about 1.5km north of Buzluca Kale.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Medieval, Turkey
Hortokop Kale/Gizenenica/Chazanenica
At the village of Hortokop, just south west of the town of Macka, lie the remains of a circular fort. The fort has seen some limited archaeological investigation, nothing recently and no proper excavation at all.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Late Antique, Roman, Turkey
Zerzevan
A substantial fortified settlement atop a plateau above the main road from Mardin to Diyarbakir. In recent years archaeological excavation has been undertaken at the site.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Anastasius, C6th, Cistern, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Justinian, Late Antique, Turkey
Selman Kale
A long, narrow castle perched atop and cut into a rocky outcrop above the steep sided valley of the Tigris river.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Castle, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Late Antique, Medieval, Turkey
Egil
Egil is identified as Carcathiocerta, the former capital of the ancient Armenian kingdom of Sophene. The most impressive remains are on the citadel which lies high above the river Tigris on a plateau formed by the river.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Armenian, Byzantine, Citadel, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Late Antique, Roman, Turkey
Amida/Diyarbakir Citadel
The citadel occupies the northeast corner of Diyarbakir's defensive perimeter. The defences consist of a large wall joining the north and east sections of the city wall enclosing an area between the walls in which the fortified citadel mound lies.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Medieval, Ottoman, Roman, Turkey