43 Items
Chakvinja Castle
Chakvinja castle is the well preserved citadel of a larger but poorly preserved fortified enclosure. These images are primarily of the citadel but there are some of a tower found below the citadel in the modern cemetery.
Type: Architecture
Tags: C16th-C18th, C4th-C6th, Citadel, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Georgia, Georgian
Kurzu Castle
Photos of Kurzu Castle, its outworks, potential associated structures and the views.
Type: Architecture
Tags: C4th-C6th, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Georgia, Georgian
Osindale Castle
Various images of remains of Osindale fort and it's immediate surroundings. Osindale currently serves as a small monastery and the images of the church are to be found as a separate item.
Type: Architecture
Tags: C4th-C6th, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Georgia, Georgian
Amida/Diyarbakir's North Wall
A limited snapshot of some of Diyarbakir's northern range of defences. Images primarily of one tower and it's interior. The northern portion of the city walls has seen far more deliberate destruction to facilitate the building of roads wide enough for the modern city.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Late Antique, Medieval, Roman, Turkey
Napichkhovo Castle
Images taken of the very limited, overgrown remains of Napichkovo "Castle" and the site on which it lies.
Type: Architecture
Tags: C4th-C6th, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Georgia, Georgian
Ancyra Castle/Ankara Kale
The very large defences of Ankara incorporate many architectural pieces (spolia) taken from the remains of the ancient city. Ancyra, as it was known in Roman times, was a very important city in central Anatolia and as a result was embellished with many fine and impressive buildings. In late antiquity, the city and empire became increasingly under threat and the Castle/Kale was built much to the same plan as we see today. The need to build the defences quickly and cheaply led to the looting of nearby buildings for their stone, hence the unusual mixture of stonework readily visible in the walls.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Citadel, Fortifications, Medieval, Roman, Spolia, Turkey
Theodosiopolis/Erzurum Citadel 
Due to the city's strategic importance and violent past the citadel of Erzurum has been rebuilt and repaired many times. However the citadel these days is little more than a shell with practically no interior buildings remaining.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Anastasius, Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Late Antique, Medieval, Ottoman, Roman, Theodosius II, Turkey
Rhizon/Rize City Wall
Remains of the western city walls that ran down to the sea from the citadel/kale. Much like the citadel, some sections have been very heavily restored. Other sections seem to have been completely abandoned to the elements.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Greek, Late Antique, Medieval, Roman, Turkey
Rhizon Citadel/Rize Kalesi
Remains of the heavily restored citadel of Rhizon/Rize. It has been turned into a park of sorts with a café/restaurant.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Greek, Late Antique, Medieval, Roman, Turkey
Buzluca Kale
Buzluca Kale is a large fortified enclosure atop a plateau west of the the town of Arakli. The interior of the enclosure is entirely given over to groves of hazel trees for nut production. Apart from this the fort seems to be mostly ignored and has received limited attention from archaeologists.
Type: Architecture
Tags: Byzantine, Defensive Network, Fortifications, Late Antique, Roman, Turkey