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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bethlehem Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucy O'Connor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-01/2013-08-08 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Lucy O'Connor Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Metadata and all media released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA International licence unless otherwise indicated Type The nature or genre of the resource Architecture Description An account of the resource Bethlehem in the West Bank is situated roughly 8km to the south of Jerusalem. It is described in the Old Testament as the burial place of Rachel, the wife of Jacob and mother to two of his sons, who died a short distance from the town. It is believed to be the birthplace of King David, who was also anointed as the King of Israel by the Prophet Samuel there. Since the second century, a cave within the town has been venerated as the site of Christ’s birth. This site was enshrined by a church in the fourth century and has undergone numerous remodelling programmes throughout its history. Unfortunately the modern town has been extensively built upon and so very little evidence from the Late Antique period remains. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucy O'Connor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-01/2013-08-08 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Lucy O'Connor Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Metadata and all media released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA International licence unless otherwise indicated Type The nature or genre of the resource Architecture Description An account of the resource The town of Bethlehem is located to the south of Jerusalem in the West Bank. Since the second century, pilgrims have flocked to the site traditionally associated as the place of Christ’s birth, a cave to the east of the town. In the fourth century, Helena, the Emperor Constantine’s mother, supposedly rediscovered the cave and had her son build a church to commemorate it. This church featured an octagonal structure at the eastern end that was positioned directly over the cave of the Nativity. At the centre of this octagon was a wide, circular opening to allow pilgrims to glimpse at the holy site. It was badly damaged during a Samaritan revolt in 529 AD and was rebuilt by the Emperor Justinian in the mid-sixth century. Much of this church has survived and is largely what is seen today. There were later modifications during the time of the Crusades, largely with the fresco painting on the nave columns. It is thus considered the oldest church in use. Bethlehem C12th C2nd C4th C6th Cave Christ Christian Church Column Constantine Corinthian Crusades Fresco Geometric Motif Holy Site Icon Justinian Mosaic Nativity Octagonal Pilgrimage St. Helena West Bank https://architectureandasceticism.exeter.ac.uk/files/original/0ad7cb1bebb8cc262eab2fb8c39808e6.JPG 05828b5e65b0fee426433f8ab92011bd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Edessa/Urfa/Şanliurfa Description An account of the resource Photographs taken on fieldwork in the city of Şanliurfa, Turkey in November 2012. The city was formerly known as Urfa and held the older name of Edessa. As the birthplace of the Syriac language, it was an early centre of Christianity. After the Council of Chalcedon in 451, Edessa became the centre of non-Chalcedonian Christianity and the purpose of the fieldwork was to investigate any evidence of Christianity still extant in Şanliurfa. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Emma Loosley Peter Leeming Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Metadata and all media released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA International licence unless otherwise indicated Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Corinthian Capital Description An account of the resource Sculpture, C3rd-C4th. Found in Urfa, now in Urfa Museum. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Emma Loosley Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012-11-11 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Emma Loosley Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Metadata and all media released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA International licence unless otherwise indicated Type The nature or genre of the resource Sculpture C3rd-C4th Capital Corinthian Edessa Sculpture Turkey Urfa Urfa Museum